DPIA / FRIA
Data Protection Impact Assessment (GDPR) and Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment (EU AI Act).
What is DPIA / FRIA?
DPIA is a structured analysis of how a system affects personal data; FRIA is the EU AI Act equivalent for fundamental rights, required for high-risk systems used by public bodies and certain private deployers. Running them together avoids duplicate documentation. See DPIA/FRIA Integrated Impact Assessment.
What is an example of DPIA / FRIA?
Before deploying AI to support access to an essential public service, an organization maps personal-data processing in a DPIA and separately examines risks to non-discrimination, effective remedy, accessibility, and due process in a FRIA, while reusing shared system evidence.
How is DPIA / FRIA different from related concepts?
A DPIA and FRIA overlap but are not interchangeable. A DPIA is rooted in data-protection risk; a FRIA evaluates how the AI use may affect the wider set of fundamental rights.
What should enterprises evaluate for DPIA / FRIA?
- Confirm whether each assessment is legally required and involve privacy, legal, security, domain, and affected-stakeholder expertise.
- Use one evidence base but preserve the distinct legal questions, decision criteria, and consultation requirements.
- Define review triggers such as new purposes, data sources, user groups, models, automation levels, or material incidents.
Authoritative sources
Primary sources for the formal meaning, requirements, or original research behind DPIA / FRIA:
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